要害

Chinese

		important; vital; to want important; vital; to want; to be going to; must; demand; ask; request; coerce	to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
trad. (要害)		要	害
simp. ^#(要害)		要	害

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yàohài

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu³ hoi⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iàu-hāi

(Teochew, Peng'im): iao³ hai⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yàohài
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yàohài
  - Wade–Giles: yao⁴-hai⁴
  - Yale: yàu-hài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yawhay
  - Palladius: яохай (jaoxaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jiu³ hoi⁶
  - Yale: yiu hoih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu³ hoi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu³ hoi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯³³ hɔːi̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iàu-hāi
  - Tâi-lô: iàu-hāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iao'hai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iau²¹⁻⁵³ hai²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau²¹⁻⁵³ hai²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iau¹¹⁻⁵³ hai³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau²¹⁻⁴¹ hai³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iao³ hai⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iàu hāi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hai¹¹/

Middle Chinese: 'jiewH hajH

Rime
Character	要	害
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	於笑切	胡蓋切
Baxter	'jiewH	hajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇu^H/	/ɦɑi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛu^H/	/ɦɑi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjæu^H/	/ɣɑi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiaw^H/	/ɦaj^H/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛu^H/	/ɣɑi^H/
Wang Li	/ĭɛu^H/	/ɣɑi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛu^H/	/ɣɑi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yào	hài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu³	hoi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[q]ew(k)-s N-kˤat-s|m-kˤat-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qews ɡaːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	要	害	害
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yào	hài	hài
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiew^H ›	‹ haj^H ›	‹ haj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[q]ew(k)-s/	/*N-kˁat-s/	/*m-kˁat-s/
English	important	be hurt (v.i.); injury (n.)	hurt (v.t.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	要	害
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	14752	4845
Phonetic component	要	害
Rime group	宵	祭
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	要	害
Old Chinese	/*qews/	/*ɡaːds/
Notes		金文非丯聲，似𥎆初文加古聲，㝬通胡

Noun

要害

vulnerable part (of the body); vital organ
crucial point; strategic point; key

Synonyms

(crucial point):

牛鼻子 (niúbízi) (figurative)
癥結／症结 (zhēngjié) (figurative)
肯綮 (figurative)
關鍵／关键 (guānjiàn)
關鍵之處／关键之处 (guānjiàn zhī chù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (要害):

→ Japanese: 要害(ようがい) (yōgai)
→ Korean: 요해(要害) (yohae)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
要	害
ぬみ
Grade: 4	Grade: 4
jukujikun

Kanji in this term
要	害
ぬま
Grade: 4	Grade: 4
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 要害 – see the following entry.

【要ぬま】4

[noun] [720] (archaic, possibly obsolete) fortress, redoubt

[noun] [720] (archaic, possibly obsolete) important point, key

Alternative spelling
ぬみ

(This term, 要害, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
要	害

Noun

要害 • (yohae) (hangeul 요해)

Hanja form^? of 요해 (“vital part; crucial point; strategic point”).

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